Ingofero yambitswe ikamba, izwi kandi nka corks, ifite amateka akomeye guhera mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19. Yahimbwe na William Painter mu 1892, ingofero yimyenda yahinduye inganda zicupa hamwe nuburyo bworoshye ariko bukora neza. Bagaragazaga impande zombi zitanga kashe itekanye, ikabuza ibinyobwa bya karubone gutakaza fiz. Ubu buryo bushya bwamenyekanye cyane, kandi mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, amakamba yambitswe ikamba yabaye igipimo cyo gufunga soda n'amacupa ya byeri.
Intsinzi yimyenda yikamba irashobora kwitirirwa kubintu byinshi. Ubwa mbere, batanze kashe yumuyaga irinda ibishya na karubone yibinyobwa. Icya kabiri, igishushanyo cyabo cyarahenze kandi cyoroshye kubyara umusaruro munini. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amakamba yikamba yiganje ku isoko mu myaka mirongo, cyane cyane mu nganda z’ibinyobwa.
Iterambere ryamateka
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, ingofero z'ikamba zakozwe cyane cyane muri tinplate, ubwoko bw'ibyuma bisize amabati kugira ngo birinde ingese. Nyamara, hagati yikinyejana cya 20 rwagati, abayikora batangiye gukoresha ibikoresho biramba nka aluminium nicyuma. Inzibacyuho yafashije ingofero gukomeza kwigenga ku isoko.
Mu myaka ya za 1950 na 1960, ishyirwaho ryimirongo icupa ryikora ryarushijeho kuzamura kwamamara yimyenda. Iyi capa irashobora gukoreshwa vuba kandi neza mumacupa, kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro no kongera umusaruro. Kugeza magingo aya, amakamba yikamba yari hose, afunga amacupa miriyoni kwisi yose.
Ibihe byamasoko
Uyu munsi, amakamba yikamba akomeje kugira uruhare runini ku isoko ry’amacupa ku isi. Raporo yakozwe na Grand View Research ivuga ko mu mwaka wa 2020 ibicuruzwa by’amacupa n’ifunga ku isi byari bifite agaciro ka miliyari 60.9 USD kandi biteganijwe ko biziyongera ku gipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka (CAGR) cya 5.0% kuva 2021 kugeza 2028. Ingofero y’ikamba igereranya a igice kinini cyiri soko, cyane cyane murwego rwibinyobwa.
Nubwo hazamutse ubundi buryo bwo gufunga nka aluminium screw na capitike ya pulasitike, amakamba yikamba akomeza gukundwa bitewe nigiciro cyabyo kandi cyizewe. Zikoreshwa cyane mugushiraho ibinyobwa bya karubone, harimo ibinyobwa bidasembuye, byeri, na vino itangaje. Muri 2020, umusaruro w'inzoga ku isi wari hafi miliyari 1.91 za hegitari, igice kinini kikaba cyarashyizweho kashe.
Impungenge z’ibidukikije nazo zagize ingaruka ku isoko ryimyenda yimyenda. Inganda nyinshi zafashe ingamba zangiza ibidukikije, zikoresha ibikoresho bisubirwamo kandi zigabanya ikirere cya karubone. Ibi bihujwe no kwiyongera kwabaguzi kubisubizo birambye byo gupakira.
Ubushishozi bw'akarere
Agace ka Aziya-Pasifika nisoko rinini ryambikwa ikamba, riterwa no kunywa cyane ibinyobwa mubihugu nku Bushinwa nu Buhinde. Uburayi na Amerika ya ruguru nabyo byerekana amasoko akomeye, hamwe n’inganda zikomoka ku nzoga n’ibinyobwa bidasembuye. Mu Burayi, Ubudage n’umukinnyi ukomeye, haba mu bijyanye no gukoresha no gukora amakamba.
Ibizaza
Ejo hazaza h'amakamba yimyenda isa nicyizere, hamwe nudushya duhoraho tugamije kunoza imikorere no kuramba. Ababikora bashora imari mubushakashatsi niterambere kugirango bakore uburyo bunoze kandi bwangiza ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, kwiyongera kw'ibinyobwa by'ubukorikori biteganijwe ko bizamura ibyifuzo by'ingofero, kuko inzoga nyinshi zikora ubukorikori zikunda uburyo bwo gupakira.
Mu gusoza, amakamba yikamba afite amateka yibitseho kandi akomeza kuba igice cyingenzi cyinganda zipakira ibinyobwa. Kuba isoko ryabo rishimangirwa nigiciro cyabyo, kwizerwa, no guhuza nibidukikije bigezweho. Hamwe nudushya dukomeje hamwe n’isi yose ikenewe ku isi, amakamba yiteguye gukomeza kuba umukinnyi w’ingenzi mu isoko ryo gupakira mu myaka iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2024